Choosing a new clarinet is an exciting but sometimes overwhelming process. Whether you are a beginner, an advancing student, or a professional player, the right instrument can greatly impact your playing experience. With so many brands, materials, and price ranges available, it’s important to understand what to look for. This guide will help you make an informed decision based on your skill level, budget, and musical goals.
Understanding Different Types of Clarinets
Before buying a clarinet, you should know that clarinets come in different types. The most common one is the B♭ clarinet, which is widely used in classical, jazz, and band music. Other types include the A clarinet (often used in orchestral playing), the E♭ clarinet (smaller and higher-pitched), and the bass clarinet (larger and deeper in tone).
For most players, especially beginners, the B♭ clarinet is the best choice. If you are an advanced player, you might consider having both a B♭ and an A clarinet for different repertoire.
Determining Your Skill Level
Your experience level plays a big role in choosing the right clarinet.
Beginner Clarinets
If you are just starting, a student-model clarinet is the best option. These are usually made of durable plastic (like ABS resin) to withstand rough handling and changes in temperature and humidity. Brands like Yamaha, Buffet Crampon, and Jean Paul offer reliable beginner models at affordable prices.
Intermediate Clarinets
For players with a few years of experience, an intermediate clarinet offers better craftsmanship and improved sound. These models often have grenadilla wood bodies, which produce a warmer tone. Some popular choices include the Buffet Crampon E11 and the Yamaha YCL-650.
Professional Clarinets
Professional clarinets are made from high-quality grenadilla wood and feature handcrafted keywork for superior playability. These instruments are more responsive and offer greater tonal control. Top brands like Buffet Crampon (R13, Tosca), Selmer Paris, and Backun are favored by advanced players and professionals.
Choosing the Right Material
Clarinets are made from different materials, each affecting sound and durability.
Plastic Clarinets
Plastic clarinets are lightweight, durable, and resistant to cracking. They are ideal for beginners and outdoor performances. However, they may lack the rich tone of wooden clarinets.
Wooden Clarinets
Grenadilla wood (African blackwood) is the most common material for professional clarinets. It produces a warm, resonant sound but requires more care to prevent cracking. Some intermediate and professional models also use cocobolo or rosewood for a slightly different tonal quality.
Composite Clarinets
Some modern clarinets use composite materials, such as Greenline (Buffet Crampon’s eco-friendly wood/resin blend). These offer the warmth of wood with added durability.
Keywork and Mechanism
The keys on a clarinet should be comfortable and responsive.
Nickel vs. Silver Keys
Most student clarinets have nickel-plated keys, while intermediate and professional models often feature silver-plated keys for better corrosion resistance and smoother action.
Undercut vs. Straight Tone Holes
Professional clarinets often have undercut tone holes, which improve intonation and response. Student models usually have straight tone holes, which are easier to manufacture but may affect tuning.
Testing Before Buying
Whenever possible, try different clarinets before making a decision.
Playability
Check if the keys feel comfortable under your fingers. The instrument should respond easily across all registers.
Sound Quality
Listen for a clear, even tone in all dynamics. A good clarinet should project well without sounding harsh.
Intonation
Play scales and long tones to ensure the clarinet stays in tune with itself. Some notes (like throat tones) are naturally tricky, but a well-made clarinet should minimize tuning issues.
Budget Considerations
Clarinets range from a few hundred to several thousand dollars.
Student Clarinets (300–1,000)
Affordable and durable, these are best for beginners.
Intermediate Clarinets (1,000–3,000)
Better materials and craftsmanship for advancing players.
Professional Clarinets ($3,000 and up)
High-end instruments for serious musicians.
Brand Reputation and Reviews
Some well-respected brands include:
- Buffet Crampon – Known for professional models like the R13.
- Yamaha – Reliable across all levels.
- Selmer Paris – Favored by classical players.
- Backun – Innovative designs with excellent craftsmanship.
Read reviews and ask teachers or fellow musicians for recommendations.
New vs. Used Clarinets
Buying used can save money, but inspect carefully for:
- Cracks or warping (especially in wooden clarinets).
- Worn pads and corks.
- Sticky or misaligned keys.
If possible, have a technician check a used clarinet before purchasing.
Maintenance and Care
A good clarinet requires proper care.
- Swab after each use to remove moisture.
- Store in a protective case.
- Avoid extreme temperatures and humidity.
- Get regular servicing by a repair technician.
Conclusion
- Try before you buy – Play multiple clarinets to compare.
- Consult a teacher – An experienced instructor can guide your choice.
- Invest in a good mouthpiece – Even the best clarinet won’t sound great with a poor mouthpiece.
Choosing the right clarinet takes time, but with the right knowledge, you can find an instrument that helps you grow as a musician. Happy playing!
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